The influence of the Pilates method on quality of life and bone remodelling in older women: a controlled study.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the Pilates method on quality of life and bone remodeling markers in a group of older women. METHODS: A longitudinal prospective study with intervention was performed on 40 women aged over 60 years; they were divided into two groups: one submitted to a 50-min Pilates exercise session once a week for 20 weeks (Pilates), and the other was not (Control). Both groups were compared for quality of life using the Medical Outcomes Study 36, and for bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) and Type 1 collagen C-telopeptide (CTx) bone remodeling markers. RESULTS: The Pilates group presented improvement in the quality of life evaluation scores: physical functioning (67.50 ± 18.88 × 86.25 ± 9.58; p = 0.0232), and physical component summary (65.00 ± 14.39 × 79.70 ± 3.83; p = 0.0220). The Pilates group also presented higher scores than that of Controls after the exercise program: physical functioning (86.25 ± 9.58 × 55.50 ± 20.83, p = 0.0003), physical role (100.00 ± 0.00 × 41.25 ± 46.79, p = 0.0009), emotional role (100.00 ± 0.00 × 48.33 ± 50.12, p = 0.0046), vitality (82.50 ± 14.28 × 60.25 ± 21.43, p = 0.011), physical component summary (79.70 ± 3.83 × 54.90 ± 15.05, p < 0.0001), and emotional component summary (74.10 ± 8.37 × 54.18 ± 22.55, p = 0.0111). No changes were noted in bone remodeling markers [CTx (0.39 ± 0.26 × 0.38 ± 0.22 ng/mL) and BSAP (10.73 ± 2.40 × 11.01 ± 3.56 µg/L)] and did not differ from the Control group both before (CTx: 0.39 ± 0.26 × 0.37 ± 0.17 ng/mL; BSAP: 10.73 ± 2.40 × 10.58 ± 3.49 µg/L; p > 0.05) and after exercise (CTx: 0.38 ± 0.22 × 0.38 ± 0.22 ng/mL; BSAP: 11.01 ± 3.56 × 9.85 ± 3.12 µg/L; p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The group of women submitted to Pilates presented improved quality of life but without changes in bone remodeling.

Hypoparathyroidism: what is the best calcium carbonate supplementation intake form? / Hipoparatireoidismo: qual é a melhor forma de ingestão de suplemento de carbonato de cálcio?

Abstract Introduction: In hypoparathyroidism, calcium supplementation using calcium carbonate is necessary for the hypocalcemia control. The best calcium carbonate intake form is unknown, be it associated with feeding, juice or in fasting. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the calcium, phosphorus and calcium × phosphorus product serum levels of hypoparathyroidism women after total thyroidectomy, following calcium carbonate intake in three different forms. Methods: A crossover study was carried out with patients presenting definitive hypoparathyroidism, assessed in different situations (fasting, with water, orange juice, breakfast with a one-week washout). Through the review of clinical data records of tertiary hospital patients from 1994 to 2010, 12 adult women (18-50 years old) were identified and diagnosed with definitive post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism. The laboratory results of calcium and phosphorus serum levels dosed before and every 30 min were assessed, for 5 h, after calcium carbonate intake (elementary calcium 500 mg). Results: The maximum peak average values for calcium, phosphorus and calcium × phosphorus product were 8.63 mg/dL (water), 8.77 mg/dL (orange juice) and 8.95 mg/dL (breakfast); 4.04 mg/dL (water), 4.03 mg/dL (orange juice) and 4.12 mg/dL (breakfast); 34.3 mg2/dL2 (water), 35.8 mg2/dL2 (orange juice) and 34.5 mg2/dL2 (breakfast), respectively, and the area under the curve 2433 mg/dL min (water), 2577 mg/dL min (orange juice) and 2506 mg/dL min (breakfast), 1203 mg/dL min (water), 1052 mg/dL min (orange juice) and 1128 mg/dL min (breakfast), respectively. There was no significant difference among the three different tests (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The calcium, phosphorus and calcium × phosphorus product serum levels evolved in a similar fashion in the three calcium carbonate intake forms.

Resumo Introdução: No hipoparatireoidismo, a suplementação de cálcio com carbonato de cálcio é necessária para o controle da hipocalcemia. A melhor forma de ingestão de carbonato de cálcio ainda é desconhecida, seja concomitante com alimentação, no suco ou em jejum. Objetivo: Avaliar os níveis séricos de cálcio, fósforo e produto cálcio-fósforo em mulheres pós-tireoidectomia por hipoparatireoidismo, após a ingestão de carbonato de cálcio em três formas diferentes. Método: Foi realizado um estudo cruzado em pacientes com hipoparatireoidismo definitivo, avaliados em diferentes situações (em jejum, com água, suco de laranja, café da manhã, após washout de uma semana). A revisão dos prontuários dos pacientes de um hospital terciário de 1994 a 2010 identificou 12 mulheres adultas (18-50 anos), diagnosticadas com hipoparatireoidismo definitivo pós-tireoidectomia. Os resultados laboratoriais dos níveis séricos de cálcio e fósforo foram mensurados antes e a cada 30 minutos durante 5 horas, após a ingestão de carbonato de cálcio (cálcio elementar 500 mg). Resultados: Os valores de pico máximo médio de cálcio, fósforo e produto cálcio-fósforo foram 8,63 mg/dL (água), 8,77 mg/dL (suco de laranja) e 8,95 mg/dL (café da manhã); 4,04 mg/dL (água), 4,03 mg/dL (suco de laranja) e 4,12 mg/dL (café da manhã); 34,3 mg2/dL2 (água), 35,8 mg2/dL2 (suco de laranja) e 34,5 mg2/dL2 (café da manhã), respectivamente, e a área sob a curva foi 2.433 mg/dL.min. (água), 2.577 mg/dL.min. (suco de laranja) e 2.506 mg/dL.min. (café da manhã), 1.203 mg/dL.min. (água), 1.052 mg/dL.min. (suco de laranja) e 1.128 mg/dL.min. (café da manhã), respectivamente. Não houve diferença significante entre os três diferentes testes (p > 0,05). Conclusão: Os níveis séricos de cálcio, fósforo e produto cálcio-fósforo evoluíram de forma semelhante nas três formas de ingestão de carbonato de cálcio.

Hypoparathyroidism: what is the best calcium carbonate supplementation intake form?

INTRODUCTION: In hypoparathyroidism, calcium supplementation using calcium carbonate is necessary for the hypocalcemia control. The best calcium carbonate intake form is unknown, be it associated with feeding, juice or in fasting. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate the calcium, phosphorus and calcium×phosphorus product serum levels of hypoparathyroidism women after total thyroidectomy, following calcium carbonate intake in three different forms. METHODS: A crossover study was carried out with patients presenting definitive hypoparathyroidism, assessed in different situations (fasting, with water, orange juice, breakfast with a one-week washout). Through the review of clinical data records of tertiary hospital patients from 1994 to 2010, 12 adult women (18-50 years old) were identified and diagnosed with definitive post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism. The laboratory results of calcium and phosphorus serum levels dosed before and every 30min were assessed, for 5h, after calcium carbonate intake (elementary calcium 500mg). RESULTS: The maximum peak average values for calcium, phosphorus and calcium×phosphorus product were 8.63mg/dL (water), 8.77mg/dL (orange juice) and 8.95mg/dL (breakfast); 4.04mg/dL (water), 4.03mg/dL (orange juice) and 4.12mg/dL (breakfast); 34.3mg2/dL2 (water), 35.8mg2/dL2 (orange juice) and 34.5mg2/dL2 (breakfast), respectively, and the area under the curve 2433mg/dLmin (water), 2577mg/dLmin (orange juice) and 2506mg/dLmin (breakfast), 1203mg/dLmin (water), 1052mg/dLmin (orange juice) and 1128mg/dLmin (breakfast), respectively. There was no significant difference among the three different tests (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The calcium, phosphorus and calcium×phosphorus product serum levels evolved in a similar fashion in the three calcium carbonate intake forms.

Bariatric Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery: Adipocyte Proteins Involved in Increased Bone Remodeling in Humans.

PURPOSE: Bariatric surgery has been associated with bone remodeling changes. The action of adipokines on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa ß ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) and on an increase in sclerostin could be related to these changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study aimed to assess the repercussions of weight loss, fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) loss and biochemical and hormonal changes on bone remodeling markers after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Anthropometric data, parathyroid hormone (PTH), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), collagen type 1 C-telopeptide (CTX), 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH-VitD), leptin, adiponectin, RANKL, OPG, and sclerostin of 30 menstruating women were measured preoperatively (Pre), and 3, 12, and 24 months (m) after RYGB. RESULTS: Leptin (34.4 (14.7; 51.9) vs. 22.5 (1.9; 52.7) ng/mL) and OPG (3.6 (1.1; 11.5) vs. 3.4 (1.5; 6) pmol/L) decreased, and adiponectin (7.4 (1.7; 18.4) vs. 13.8 (3.0; 34.6) µg/mL), CTX (0.2 (0.1; 2.2) vs. 0.6 (0.4; 6.0) ng/mL), RANKL (0.1 (0.0; 0.5) vs. 0.3 (0.0; 2.0) pmol/L), and sclerostin (21.7 (3.2; 75.1) vs. 34.8 (6.4; 80.5) pmol/L) increased after 3 m. BSAP increased after 12 m (10.1 (5.4; 18.9) vs. 13.9 (6.9; 30.2) µg/mL) (p < 0.005). CTX correlated positively with adiponectin at 24 m and inversely with leptin Pre; OPG at 3 m; weight, FM, FFM, and leptin at 24 m. RANKL correlated directly with weight at 3 m. Sclerostin correlated inversely with weight Pre and FM at 3 m. BSAP correlated negatively with 25-OH-VitD at 12 m, and positively with PTH at 24 m. CONCLUSIONS: RYGB induced weight loss, and biochemical, hormonal, and body composition changes are associated with higher bone remodeling.

Avaliação da ingestão de frutas e hortaliças entre estudantes universitários / Assessment of intake of fruit and vegetables among college students

The intake of fruits and vegetables is low in most countries, making individuals more susceptible to chronic diseases. In the case of university students, a new lifestyle begins when they go to college, and they have to choose and prepare their feeding by themselves; it can be interpreted negatively by them, in relation to their capacity of making decisions about their own feeding, so, undesirable attitudes can be observed, such as low intake of fruits and vegetables. The target was 122 students majoring in Nutrition, at the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFTM), aged 17 to 28 years old. A survey of general information was carried out through an application form; also, a food frequency semi-quantitative questionnaire was filled out to evaluate the frequency and consumption of fruits and vegetables. Regarding the number of meals, 68.9% of students take five or more meals a day. Most students have the habit of consuming vegetables weekly, although consumption is not satisfactory in quantity. The most frequently consumed are raw vegetables (daily). Fruit consumption is still low, with only 27.79% of them eating three or more servings daily. In summary, most of the population studied showed appropriate feeding habits in relation to the number of meals; however, the number of servings of fruits and vegetables is low. This is a challenge for nutritionists in search of interventions, such as health promotion programs, to encourage healthy eating habits.

El consumo de frutas y hortalizas es bajo en la mayoría de los países, tornando a los individuos más susceptibles a las enfermedades crónicas. En relación a los estudiantes, un nuevo estilo de vida surge al ingresar a la universidad. Ellos deben elegir y preparar sus propios alimentos, pudiendo eso ser interpretado negativamente con relación a su capacidad de tomar decisiones sobre su alimentación, observándose, entonces, actitudes indeseables, como el bajo consumo de frutas y verduras. El objeto de este estudio fueron 122 estudiantes de la Carrera de Nutrición de la Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) de entre 17 y 28 años de edad. Se realizó un levantamiento de informaciones generales a través de un formulario y se aplicó un cuestionario semi-cuantitativo de frecuencia de alimentación (CSCF) para evaluar la frecuencia del consumo de frutas y verduras. Se observó que 68,9% de los estudiantes realizaron cinco o más comidas diarias. La mayoría de los estudiantes tienen la costumbre de consumir hortalizas durante la semana, aunque la cantidad consumida no es adecuada. Los vegetales más consumidos diariamente fueron los crudos. La ingesta de frutas fue baja, sólo 27,79% comen tres o más porciones diarias. En resumen, la mayoría de la población estudiada posee hábitos alimentarios adecuados en relación con el número de comidas, sin embargo, el número de porciones de frutas y verduras consumidas es bajo. Este es un reto para los nutricionistas que buscan intervenciones tales como programas de promoción de la salud para fomentar hábitos alimentarios saludables.

O consumo de frutas e hortaliças é baixo na maioria dos países, tornando os indivíduos mais susceptíveis às doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. No caso dos universitários, surge um novo estilo de vida a partir do ingresso na universidade. Eles devem escolher e preparar a própria alimentação, o que pode ser interpretado por eles de forma negativa quanto a sua capacidade de tomar decisões sobre a própria alimentação, observando-se então atitudes indesejáveis na alimentação como a baixa ingestão de frutas e hortaliças. O público alvo foram 122 estudantes do curso de Graduação em Nutrição da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM) com idades entre 17 e 28 anos. Foi feito levantamento de informações de âmbito geral em formulário e também a aplicação de um questionário de frequência alimentar semiquantitativo (QFSQ) para avaliação de frequência e consumo de frutas e hortaliças. Segundo o número de refeições realizadas, 68,9% dos estudantes fazem 5 ou mais refeições por dia. A maioria dos estudantes tem o hábito de consumir hortaliças semanalmente, apesar do consumo não ser adequado em quantidade. Os mais consumidos diariamente são as hortaliças cruas. O consumo de frutas ainda é baixo, sendo que apenas 27,79% deles ingerem igual ou mais de 3 porções diárias. Em síntese, a maioria da população estudada possui o hábito alimentar adequado em relação ao número de refeições, porém o número de porções de frutas e hortaliças é considerado baixo. Este é um desafio para os nutricionistas em busca de intervenções como programas de promoção da saúde, para incentivo de práticas alimentares saudáveis.